I-Aluminium (Al) iyinsimbi engeyona insimbi amakhemikhali ayo atholakala yonke indawo ngokwemvelo.Izinsiza ze-aluminium ku-plate tectonics zingamathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-40-50, zikleliswe endaweni yesithathu kuphela ngemuva komoyampilo ne-silicon.Iwuhlobo lwensimbi oluphakeme kakhulu ohlotsheni lwempahla yensimbi.I-Aluminium inezici eziyingqayizivele zamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-physicochemical, ezingagcini nje ngokukhanya ngesisindo, kodwa futhi ziqinile ezintweni ezibonakalayo.Iphinde ibe ne-plasticity enhle.I-conductivity kagesi, ukudluliswa kokushisa, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa kanye nokumelana nemisebe yizinto eziyisisekelo eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa komphakathi nomnotho.
I-Aluminium iyikhemikhali eningi kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi okuqukethwe kwayo kuqala phakathi kwezinto zensimbi.Kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 lapho i-aluminium yaba impahla yensimbi yokuncintisana kumaphrojekthi wobunjiniyela, futhi yaba imfashini okwesikhashana.Inqubekelaphambili yamaketanga amathathu abalulekile ezimbonini zezindiza, ezobunjiniyela nezokwakha, kanye nezimoto idinga okuhlukile kwe-aluminium nama-alloys, okuzuzisa kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwale nsimbi-aluminium entsha.
Izinduku ze-Aluminium ziwuhlobo lwe-aluminium yensimbi.Ukuncibilika kwezinti ze-aluminium kufaka phakathi ukuncibilika, ukuhlanzwa, ukususwa kokungcola, ukukhipha umoya, ukukhishwa kwe-slag kanye nezinqubo zokubumba.Ngokusho kwezakhi zamakhemikhali eziqukethwe izinduku ze-aluminium, izinduku ze-aluminium zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezingu-8.
Ngokusho kwezakhi zamakhemikhali eziqukethwe izinduku ze-aluminium, izinduku ze-aluminium zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezingu-8, ezingahlukaniswa zibe uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo engu-9:
1.1000 uchungechunge aluminium izinduku bamele 1050.1060.1100 uchungechunge.Phakathi kwayo yonke imikhiqizo yochungechunge, uchungechunge lwe-1000 lungolochungechunge olunokuqukethwe okukhulu kwe-aluminium.Ukuhlanzeka kungafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-99.00%.Ngenxa yokuthi azikho ezinye izakhi zobuchwepheshe, inqubo yokukhiqiza ilula futhi intengo ibiza kakhulu.Iwuchungechunge oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu lwemikhiqizo ezimbonini zendabuko kulesi sigaba.Iningi lokugeleza emakethe yokuthengisa uchungechunge lwe-1050 ne-1060.1000 uchungechunge lwe-aluminium rods inquma ubuncane bokuqukethwe kwe-aluminium kulolu chungechunge lwemikhiqizo ngokusekelwe ekubaleni okungu-2 kokugcina.Isibonelo, izibalo ezi-2 zokugcina zomkhiqizo ongu-1050 zingu-50. Ngokwezinga lokuma kwesithombe somkhiqizo wamazwe ngamazwe, okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium kufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-99.5%.Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwe-aluminium alloy yaseShayina (GB/T3880-2006) nakho kubeka ngokucacile ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium engu-1050 kufanele kube ngu-99.5%.Ngendlela efanayo, okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium kwezinduku ze-aluminium zemikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-1060 kufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-99.6%.
2.2000 uchungechunge lwezintambo ze-aluminium zimele i-2A16(16).2A02(6).Izinduku ze-aluminium ezingu-2000 zinamandla aphezulu kanye nokuqukethwe kwethusi okukhulu kakhulu, cishe ngo-3-5%.Izinduku ze-aluminium ezingu-2000 eziwuchungechunge ngeze-aviation aluminium, engajwayelekile ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni zendabuko.
I-2024 iyingxubevange yensimbi yensimbi ejwayelekile kakhulu emikhiqizweni yochungechunge lwe-aluminium-copper-magnesium.Kuyingxube yenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa enokuqina okuphezulu, ukukhiqizwa okulula nokucutshungulwa, ukusika kwe-laser okulula nokumelana nokugqwala.
Izakhiwo zomzimba ze-2024 aluminium rods zithuthukiswa kakhulu ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa (T3, T4, T351).Amapharamitha wesimo se-T3 ami kanje: amandla acindezelayo angu-470MPa, amandla aqinile 0.2% 325MPa, ubude: 10%, umkhawulo wokukhathala 105MPa, amandla angu-120HB.
Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezinduku ze-aluminium 2024: isakhiwo sendiza.Amabhawudi.Amasondo ezimpahla ezithwala impahla.Izingxenye zophephela wendiza nezinye izingxenye.
3.3000 uchungechunge umkhiqizo aluminium induku omele ukhiye 3003.3A21.Ezweni lami, inqubo yokukhiqiza izinduku ze-aluminium zemikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-3000 isezingeni eliphezulu.Izinduku ze-aluminium zochungechunge lwe-3000 ikakhulukazi zakhiwe nge-manganese.Okuqukethwe kuphakathi kuka-1.0-1.5, okuwuchungechunge lwemikhiqizo yokwelapha elwa nokugqwala.
4. Izinti ze-aluminium ezingu-4000 zochungechunge zimelela izinduku ze-aluminium ezingu-4A014000, eziyingxenye yochungechunge lwemikhiqizo enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-silicon.Ngokuvamile okuqukethwe kwe-silicon kuphakathi kuka-4.5-6.0%.Kubangelwa izinto zokwakha zokuhlobisa, izingxenye zemishini, izinto zokwakha ezingavuthiwe, izinto zokushisela;indawo encibilikayo ephansi, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, incazelo yomkhiqizo: ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka.
Izinduku ze-aluminium ezingu-5.5000 zimelela uchungechunge lwe-5052.5005.5083.5A05.Izinduku ze-aluminium ezingu-5000 eziwuchungechunge zingezemikhiqizo yochungechunge lwezintambo ezivamile ze-alloy aluminium, into eyinhloko i-magnesium, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-magnesium kuphakathi kuka-3-5%.Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-aluminium-magnesium alloy.Izici zayo eziyinhloko ukuminyana okulinganiselwe okuphansi, amandla acindezelayo aphezulu kanye nobude obuphakeme.Endaweni efanayo, isisindo esinetha se-aluminium-magnesium alloys sincane kunezinye uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo, futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini zendabuko.I-China 5000 series aluminium rod ingenye yemikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-aluminium ephelele.
Izinti ze-aluminium ezingu-6.6000 zimelela ukhiye we-6061.6063 onezici ezimbili ze-magnesium ne-silicon, egxilisa izinzuzo zemikhiqizo engu-4000 nochungechunge lwe-5000.I-6061 iwumkhiqizo owenziwe nge-aluminium wamandla abandayo onezidingo eziphezulu zokumelana nokugqwala nokunciphisa.Ukusebenziseka kalula, ukunamathela okulula, nokusebenza okuhle kwenqubo.
Ipuleti le-aluminium engu-6061 kufanele libe namandla athile okucindezela.Izakhiwo ezihlukene zezimboni, njengokwakhiwa kwamaloli, ukwakhiwa kwemibhoshongo, imikhumbi, amathilamu, ifenisha, izingxenye zomshini, ukunemba kwemishini, njll.
Ipuleti ye-aluminium engu-6063.Ubunjiniyela kanye namaphrofayili we-aluminium wokwakha (lolu chungechunge lwemikhiqizo lusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kumafasitela neminyango ye-aluminium alloy), amapayipi okunisela nezimoto.Izinkundla zomhlangano.Ifenisha.Ama-Guardrails nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-extrusion.
7.7000 uchungechunge lwezintambo ze-aluminium zimele insimbi engukhiye engu-7075.Iphinde iwe ngaphansi komndeni wemikhiqizo ye-Airline.I-aluminium, i-magnesium, i-zinc, i-alloy yethusi, i-alloy yenqubo yokushisa ukushisa kanye ne-super carbon tool steel alloy.Inokumelana okuhle nokugqokwa.Eziningi zazo zithengwa kwamanye amazwe, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza ezweni lethu kumele yenziwe ngcono.
I-8. 8000 uchungechunge lwezintambo ze-aluminium zivame kakhulu, i-8011 ingeyeminye imikhiqizo yochungechunge, esetshenziselwa kakhulu i-aluminium platinum, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwezinduku ze-aluminium akuvamile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-23-2022